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Kierkegaard writes these discourses because he's not sure that the other two have done their job.〔''Eighteen Upbuilding Discourses'', Hong p. 107〕 He revisits the story of Job once more but here he puts the emphasis not on what he said but what he did.〔''Eighteen Upbuilding Discourses'', Hong p. 109〕 He "traced everything back to God; he did not detain his soul and quench his spirit with deliberation or explanations that only feed and foster doubt."〔''Eighteen Upbuilding Discourses'', Hong p. 121〕 He then has two discourses, each with the same title as one of his first discourses, in which he wrote about God's perfect gifts from above. In that discourse he had said, "if a person is to be able to find peace in these words in his lifetime, he must be able to decide either what it is that comes from God or what may legitimately and truly be termed a good and perfect gift. But how is this possible? Is every human life, then, a continuous chain of miracles? Or is it possible for a human being’s understanding to make it through the incalculable series of secondary causes and effects, to penetrate everything in between, and in that way to find God? Or is it possible for a human being’s understanding to decide with certainty what is a good and perfect gift from him? Does it not run aground on this again and again?"〔''Eighteen Upbuilding Discourses'', Hong p. 41〕 He explores the kind of knowledge that is necessary for an individual to determine, with certainty, that he has this good and perfect gift. His last discourse is about the battle between God and the world for the soul of every single individual. According to Kierkegaard the only weapon needed to fight this battle is patience. This battle is not an external battle against external enemies but entirely internal. Heiberg reviewed these discourses and remarked that the first discourse in this series was the only one of his eighteen discourses that seemed like a sermon, the rest seemed too philosophical in nature and Kierkegaard agreed with him.〔''Concluding Unscientific Postscript'' p. 273 note〕 == Structure == * ''The Lord Gave, and the Lord Took Away; Blessed Be the Name of the Lord.'' (Job 1:20-21) * ''Every Good Gift and Every Perfect Gift Is from Above'' (James 1:17-22) * ''Every Good Gift and Every Perfect Gift Is from Above'' * ''To Gain One's Soul in Patience'' 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Four Upbuilding Discourses, 1843」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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